Forthcoming Articles http://journal.ucas.ac.cn EN-US http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/2095-6134/current.shtml http://journal.ucas.ac.cn 2095-6134 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2024.002 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2024.003 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2024.001 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.091 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.092 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.089 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.086 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.087 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.088 2 in 2014 to 62 km² in 2020, an increase of 20 km². In view of the canal seepage control treatment at the bottom of most newly added water bodies, with poor groundwater recharge function, and more ineffective evaporation, it is recommended to properly control the scale of water bodies in order to effectively reduce the waste of water transferred from outside.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.085 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.090 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.084 Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) remains unearthed from the Astana Cemetery. Combined with relevant documents, the cultivation and utilization of Chinese jujube during the Jin to Tang dynasties were discussed. It showed that Chinese jujube was a common and important characteristic cash crop in ancient Turpan. The indigenous people used Chinese jujube in various ways, including eaten in fresh and further processing it into dried jujube, jujube cake or dry powder of jujube. In addition, the medicinal value of Chinese jujube and the excellent characteristics of jujube wood were also recognized and utilized by ancient Turpan people.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.083 2 from 1992 to 2021 were extracted based on Google Earth Engine (GEE). Spatio-temporal changes of lake area were characterized, and causes were analyzed combining meteorological data and socioeconomic data. The results showed that: (1) The change of lake area could be divided into two phases, i.e., the expansion phase from 1992 to 1996 and the shrinking phase after 1996. (2) There are obvious spatial variations in lake area change. In Khovd Province and Bayan-Ulgii Province lake area shows a trend of decreasing first and then increasing, whereas the trend is opposite in Uvs Province and Zavkhan Province. (3) The causes are obvious different temporally and spatially. The increase of summer mean temperature and potential evapotranspiration had a negative impact on the decrease of lake area in Khovd Province and Gobi-Altai Province during 1992-2001. However, human activities, including agricultural irrigation and overgrazing, were the dominant negative drivers for the shrinkage of lakes in Uvs Province and Zavkhan Province from 1996 to 2019.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.082 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.081 Secondly, the label map after superpixel segmentation is used to constrain the adaptive changes of the guided filtering window shape, and the cost is aggregated. Finally, the aggregation cost is used as the data item to construct the global energy function, and the disparity map is solved by graph cut algorithm, and multi-step disparity optimization is performed on the disparity map. Experimental results show that the average mismatching rate of the proposed method is 4.84% on the standard test image set provided by Middlebury website, which is significantly better than the traditional guided filtering dense matching method and semi-global matching method.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.079 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.080 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.078 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.077 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.076 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.075 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.074 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.073 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.072 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.071 l_{2 norm of the model output to the cross-entropy loss as a regularizer, termed as spectral decoupling, can alleviate this phenomenon. In this paper, the influence of spectral decoupling with different strengths on the model is studied, using the over-parameterized models. In the absence of weight decay, we show that the models obtained by spectral decoupling of different strengths are equivalent. When there is a small weight decay, we use the second-order Taylor expansion of the objective function to obtain an approximate solution. Analyzing the approximate solution, it is found that reducing the spectral decoupling has the effect of enhancing the weight decay, and it is directly equivalent in the binary classification problem. Finally, we verify our analytical conclusions through experiments.]]>} http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.062 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.061 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.064 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.063 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.066 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.070 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.065 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.069 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.067 We number. The surface wavelength of the jet approached the critical wavelength under the action of surface tension, and the volume diameter of the jet breakup droplets showed a bimodal structure. A flow-aligned magnetic field applied, the droplets formed after jet breakup were subject to vibration attenuation under the action of the flow-aligned magnetic field and exhibited equally sized spherical droplets downstream of the breakup position. The surface wavelength decreased with increasing magnetic field, while the breakup length increased. Three types of influences of the flow-aligned magnetic field on the breakup length of the jet were summarized.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.068 M7.2 earthquake in April 2010. The R-value of some models is significantly higher than China's current medium-term prediction level. However, the value of the evaluation model is still not ideal, and further exploration is needed.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.056 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.057 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.052 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.058 1/2 at 0.05~1Hz. When the flow rate of propellant Xe is 0.5 sccm and the voltage is 500 V, the thrust output reaches 50 μN and the specific impulse reaches 104 s. By optimizing the magnetic field design, the performance of this type of micro-newton cusp hall thruster can be further improved, which can meet the requirements of space exploration missions.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.054 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.060 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.059 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.055 ϵ-KKT point after O(ϵ-8) iterations. The numerical experiments on the multi-class Neyman-Pearson classification problem(mNPC) demonstrate the of efficiency CSALM.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.053 k', which characterizes the ratio of wind force and adhesion force. The effect of shear flow on mass transfer at the gas-liquid interface was investigated, and the relationship between the dimensionless Reynolds number and the Sherwood numbers was determined. It was determined that the theoretical relationship between wind speed and evaporation rate is consistent with experimental data.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.047 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.051 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.049 F₁ score, intersection-over-union, and frequency-weighted intersection-over-union indices, which were 91.22%, 92.66%, 91.94%, 85.08%, and 81.65%, respectively. The model also performed well in generalization experiments. The experimental results show that the DiUNet method outperforms existing methods in forest cover information extraction and has high robustness and generalization capabilities.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.048 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.046 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.050 2 emissions in the Chinese region. Due to the low timeliness of statistical data and inaccurate emission factors, the existing emission inventories gradually fail to reflect the CO₂ emissions of power plants. This study provides a method to estimate CO₂ emissions from power plants based on Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2/3 (OCO-2/3) satellite data and Gaussian plume model, retrieving the images of super-large coal-fired power plants (≥5000 MW) in the Chinese region from the OCO-2 (2014.09.06-2021.10.01) and OCO-3 (2019.08.06-2021.10.01) dataset, and identifying a total of seven plumes near Tuoketuo, Waigaoqiao, and Jiaxing power plants. Using a combination of three atmospheric background value determination methods, the CO₂ emissions estimated by the Gaussian plume model range from 43~77 (kt/d), with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.50 to 0.87. The uncertainties of individual plumes vary from 8% to 32% (1σ), with wind speed being the largest uncertainty (6~31%), followed by background values (5~18%), enhanced values (1~21%), and plume rise (1~8%). The estimates are verified to be in high agreement with Carbon Monitoring for Action, Carbon Brief, and the Global Power Emissions Database (Tuoketuo: 76.48 ± 15.75, Waigaoqiao: 55.98 ± 6.90, Jiaxing: 64.55 ± 15.89 kt/d). This study helps monitor and estimate important point source carbon emissions, which is not only a prerequisite for the power industry to carry out carbon reduction efforts but also helps develop specific regional carbon reduction policies, which are important for reducing anthropogenic carbon emissions.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.043 4⁺-N and NO₃^--N) is a vital indicator of soil N supply. Studying the current status of farmlands’ SIN on the Tibetan Plateau is important to achieve the sustainability of plateau agriculture development. 10 pairs of farmland and forest soils were collected along the sampling gradient from 800 to 2 000 m (a.s.l.) in Medog of southeastern Tibet, to investigate the effects of agricultural activities on SIN and clarify the environmental drivers of SIN. The results have shown that human activities significantly changed the concentration and spatial distribution pattern of SIN in farmlands. The topsoil (0 ~ 10 cm) was vulnerable to human activities. NH₄⁺-N concentration of topsoil decreased significantly and NO₃^--N concentration increased significantly after reclamation. The SIN of the forests did not differ significantly among layers, but large differences were seen in the farmlands’ SIN among layers. SIN in forest ecosystems was influenced by altitude, soil temperature, soil moisture, and pH, while agricultural ecosystems were not sensitive to environmental factors. The change amount of SIN after reclamation was mainly determined by soil temperature and soil pH. In conclusion, reasonable agricultural management is necessary to achieve sustainable development of regional agriculture.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.044 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.045 γ changes, we obtain an equivalent condition of the continuity of the truncated Hardy-Littlewood maximal function.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.042 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.041 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.040 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.039 2, 109.99km², 791.92km² and 1590.89km², respectively; (3) Under the natural development scenario in 2030, the construction land in the Dianchi Lake Basin would increase by 189.92km²; under the ecological restoration scenario, the construction land would increase by 53.75km², and the urban expansion rate would slow down. The ecological restoration scenario had an additional ecosystem service value of 434 million yuan in the Dianchi Lake Basin compared with the natural development scenario.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.035 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.033 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.034 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.038 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.036 Re=745.6) are studied. It is found that the Lorentz force produced by thermoelectric effect and magnetic field forms the reverse flow vortex structure at the four corners of the square tube. The reverse flow vortex increases the velocity in the central region and promotes the convective heat transfer of the liquid metal in the vortex structure at the four corners of the square tube. The reverse flow vortex increases the velocity in the central region and promotes the convective heat transfer of the liquid metal in the central region. With the increase of magnetic field intensity, the flow changes from unsteady flow to steady flow, the flow in the central region is dominated by the magnetic damping effect, the scale of thermoelectric effect gradually shrinks to the vicinity of the boundary, and the relationship between velocity and temperature changes from two-way coupling under weak magnetic field to one-way coupling under strong magnetic field.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.037 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.032 2 respectively. Compared with the inversion results without considering planting methods, the accuracy is improved by more than 30%.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.030 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.031 2, of which the main part is marsh wetlands, with an area of 2908.94km², accounting for 86.45% of the total area of wetlands. The areas of river wetlands and lake wetlands are similar, which are 269.28km² and 186.52km² respectively. In addition to alpine wetlands, there are permanent glaciers and snow in the watershed, with an area of 107.17 km².The horizontal distribution of wetlands in the watershed is generally characterized by more wetlands in the southeast and less wetlands in the northwest. They are mainly concentrated in the flat beach surrounded by hills or the catchment area with low terrain and poor drainage, as well as the foot of shady slope. In the vertical direction, alpine wetlands are mainly distributed in the range of 4650~5100m above sea level. As the terrain rises, wetland resources gradually decrease. The area higher than 5400m above sea level is mainly covered by glaciers and snow, and there is almost no alpine wetland. This study provides a scientific basis for the effective protection and rational utilization of wetland resources in the source of the Yangtze River.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.029 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.028 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.027 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.026 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.023 Nigella glandulifera and it was used as medicine and condiment by the inhabitant in Dunhuang and Turpan during the period of Tang and Five dynasties.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.025 2.5 could be harmful to human health and the atmospheric environment. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is one of the most serious regions in China in terms of atmospheric PM_2.5 pollution. Based on PM_2.5 concentrations data, natural factors data, and human activity factors data, this study used kriging interpolation and statistical analysis to explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric PM_2.5 pollution in 13 cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei in 2017 and then used correlation analysis models and factor analysis models to explore its influential factors. The results showed that in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, (1) PM_2.5 concentrations were low in the north and high in the south. The gradient of annual average concentrations between the southern and northern cities could reach up to 64 μg/m³. (2) PM_2.5 concentrations were high in winter and low in summer, were high in the morning and evening, and low in the afternoon. PM_2.5 concentration in winter was 1.3~2.8 times higher than in summer, and the daily differences in PM_2.5 concentrations in all seasons were between 11~29 μg/m³. (3) Atmospheric PM_2.5 pollution was closely related to natural factors. Terrain and topography affected the processes of PM_2.5 aggregation, transport, and dispersion. Wind speed, sunshine hours, and relative humidity were the dominant meteorological factors affecting atmospheric PM_2.5 pollution, and PM_2.5 concentrations had the strongest correlation with meteorological factors in winter. (4) Atmospheric PM_2.5 pollution was closely related to human activities, which could be summarized into social economy factor, industrial pollutant discharge factor, and urban construction factor. The results of this study will help fill the gaps in air pollution prevention and control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.021 Fo) during melting. The results show that: at a small Hartmann number (Ha), the melting has a melting-promoting effect at the early stage and is inhibited at the later stage; at a large Hartmann number the magnetic field has an inhibiting effect on the convection during the melting of gallium metal, and the melting process shows a laminar and uniform advance. The magnetic field reduces the height of the dominant zone of thermal conductivity at the bottom of the cavity during the melting process and suppresses temperature fluctuations during the melting process, resulting in a uniform temperature distribution during the melting process.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.020 Hz in the liquid helium temperature region, and gives the specific experimental device design. This method has high resolution, does not introduce additional heat flow, and does not require continuous current excitation. It can greatly reduce the adverse effects of the traditional temperature measurement caused by thermometer self-heating effect and contact thermal resistance, etc. by plating superconducting film on the surface of the object, which is beneficial to the temperature measurement experiments and applications below 10K.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.019 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.018 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.017 50 and AP are improved by 2.1% and 7.4%, the CPU latency is only 5.33ms, and the speed is more than twice as fast as YOLOX-nano. The proposed method achieves a balance between accuracy and efficiency.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.016 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.015 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.014 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.013 50 for all kinds of objects is more than 2%, with excellent specialization; mAP₅₀ in the COCO dataset is upgraded by 1.58%, and all indexes are not lower than the optimal value, with good effectiveness.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.012 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.011 Populus, Pinus, Ulmus, Rosaceae. The airborne pollen in Shijingshan District belonged to 16 families and genera, with Cupressaceae pollen dominating (41%) but lower than that in Huairou District, followed by Fabaceae, Ulmus and Oleaceae. (2) There are some differences in the first flowering time and flowering duration of spring flowering plants in two areas. The first flowering times in Shijingshan District, which exhibits higher spring temperatures, are earlier than that in Huairou District, except for Populus (2 days later), which is 2-16 days earlier, with an average of about 7 days. (3) Airborne pollen monitoring data indicate that the first flowering time of spring flowering plants also showed a clear trend of advancement with increasing temperatures in different periods in the same area. These results are basically consistent with the previous results based on plant phenology observation, which indicates that the monitoring results of airborne pollen can also reflect the time the state of plant flowering phenology, and can provide a multi-disciplinary supplement and reference for the study of plant flowering phenology.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.010 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.009 2.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.008 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.007 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.087 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.006 2$, where Ω is a bounded domain in R^N with N≥1.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.005 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.004 2, NH₃ and PM2.5 are far below the national standard index. The load calculation method and dynamic regulation method can provide reference for the research of thermal and sanitary environment of large-scale nursery piggery.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.003 Ra) improvement and the mass loss. The results showed that the increase of the mass loss and the reduction of roughness occurred with increasing the polishing load, the polishing time and the polishing plate linear velocity, respectively. Whilst, the X-ray diffraction intensity of (400) crystalline surface of each polished sample was enhanced. Among the three clamping types, the bonded clamping type possessed the fastest removal rates, up to 25.2 nm/h. A polishing evaluation parameter K was defined as K=ΔRa/Δm, i.e., the improvement of surface roughness obtained under the condition of the mass loss per unit. According to variation of the parameter K, the DFP procedure could be divided into two stages, “the roughness improvement domination stage” and “the mass loss domination stage”. The first one had higher K values than the second one. K values increased monotonically with the increase of the polishing plate linear velocity, whilst it was influenced complicatedly by the polishing load and the polishing time.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.086 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.001 Npk under the inverse Rayleigh and log-logistic distributions. The generalized pivotal quantities for C_Npk are constructed, and then the generalized confidence intervals are proposed. Numerical results show that the proposed interval estimation has better performance than the bootstrap method in terms of coverage rate and interval width.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.082 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.085 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.084 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.083 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.081 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.079 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.080 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.078 0/d≤6.6. In addition, the field angle and area corresponding to the maximum heat transfer rate were close to the natural state of Australian subspecies. Therefore, it can be inferred that the evolution direction of Chlamydosaurus kingii neck fold may be beneficial to improving the natural convection heat transfer rate. Hence, the natural convection between Chlamydosaurus kingii and external environment may be considered as an important reason affecting the evolution direction of Chlamydosaurus kingii neck fold.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.077 2 to 1200, the natural convection evolves across 21 different stages (including one steady convection stage, six single-frequency oscillation stages, nine quasiperiodic oscillation stages, two frequency-locked resonance stages, and three aperiodic chaotic oscillation stages). The spatial variation and temporal oscillation of convection modes are the fundamental reasons for the repeated alternation between different convection patterns. Different characteristics of single-frequency, quasiperiodic, frequency-locked and chaotic oscillations in the calculated heat flow represented by Nusselt number are systematically compared in terms of four graphical methods, viz., time series, power spectrum, phase portrait, and Lorenz mapping. The calculated average heat flow and primary oscillating frequency as functions of Rayleigh number can be fitted by simple analytical formulas (approximately obeying the scaling laws given by the classical boundary layer theory in a wide range of Rayleigh number), providing convenient calculation tools for practical engineering designs and applications under the corresponding conditions.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.060 Px,y=(x2+1)y2+2(x2+x)y+xx2+1 as a linear sum of some Bloch-Wigner Dilogarithm functions. and prove that the Mahler measure of Px,y is rationally proportional to L'χ-3,-1: mPx,y=52L'χ-3,-1.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.058 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.064 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.062 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.063 -1; (3) Under the neutral atmospheric condition, the wind direction of the upper and lower layers was more consistent, and the wind direction deflected counterclockwise with the increase of height under stable atmospheric condition, and deflected clockwise with the increase of height under the unstable atmospheric condition. The conclusion in this paper modeled the relationship between wind shear and atmospheric stability by the vertical observation of wind field, which is a good reference and valuable for the research and application related to the vertical structure of wind field.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.056 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.076 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.075 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.074 Eucalyptus in Fujian in order to improve the estimation accuracy of Eucalyptus biomass in this area and to provide basic supporting data for the sustainable forestry development of Eucalyptus. This study takes Eucalyptus, a major fast-growing and productive tree species in Southern China, as the research object. Using 90 Eucalyptus woods harvested in the field, the partitioning of Eucalyptus biomass among organs are studied, the optimal allometric equations are constructed, and the Eucalyptus root/shoot ratios are calculated and applied to estimate Eucalyptus root biomass. Results show Eucalyptus has the following biomass allocation strategies: the biomass proportion of trunks increases with increasing stand age, while that of branches, leaves, and roots decreases. The most feasible and effective way to estimate Eucalyptus root biomass is to use root/shoot ratio data with stand age. In the construction of the allometric equation for Eucalyptus biomass, the multiplicative power equation is better than the linear equation, and the optimal independent variable varied by organ type. This paper provides data and theoretical support for the accurate estimation of Eucalyptus plantation biomass, and has implications for species growth patterns, survival strategies, and even forest ecological management.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.073 DMC) range from 3474 Ma to 2360 Ma, and Some Paleoproterozoic zircons show positive ε_Hf(t) values, indicating zircons were derived from juvenile mantle-derived material at those periods. However, most Paleoproterozoic zircons show negative ε_Hf(t) values, suggesting the crustal reworking was the dominant process from Archaean to Paleoproterozoic. The Neoproterozoic detrital zircons have negative ε_Hf(t) values and yield Hf model ages (T_DMC) range from 4032 Ma to 1485Ma, which suggest that the Neoproterozoic detrital zircons were derived from reworking of the ancient Archaean to middle Proterozoic. Based on the data of this study and previous data, it is considered that the northern margin of Tarim Basin was the collision background during the Sugetebulak period.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.072 2/m², the higher in the east and the lower in the west. The meadow steppe had the highest LAI (2.73±1.20 m²/m²) and the steppe desert had the lowest LAI (0.13±0.17 m²/m²). From 1981 to 2017, the average annual maximum LAI showed a significantly increasing trend. The maximum LAI increased significantly for 32.52% of the area and decreased significantly for 6.31% of the area. The areas with a significantly increasing LAI were greater than those with a significantly decreasing LAI for all the grassland types. The annual average maximum LAI was positively correlated with the annual total precipitation from January to August and the annual mean air temperature for July and August. Both the significant decrease and increase of the maximum LAI was mainly affected by the significant increase of annual mean air temperature for July and August. There existed a critical threshold of the rising rate of air temperature for July and August that influenced the variation in LAI; for the grassland types that accounted for the larger areas, this threshold was 0.042~0.043 ℃/a. LAI increased with the rising air temperature as the rising rate of air temperature was lower than this threshold; conversely, LAI decreased These results are expected to provide important scientific basis for grassland utilization, protection and restoration in the context of climate change.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.071 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.070 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.069 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.068 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.067 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.066 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.065 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.055 2(●+)) ring and a main chain, concluding the recognition sites 4,4′-bipyridinium radical cationic (BIPY^●+ ) and 2,6-dioxynaphthalen(DOP). The density functional theory (DFT) is used to analyze the motion mechanism of ring along the main chain A. Quantum Mechanics calculations are used to analyze the noncovalent interaction between the CBPQT^2(●+) ring and the two recognition sites. It proves that the generation and dissociation of the trisradical tricationic complex controlled by the redox reaction could drive the reciprocating motion of the CBPQT^2(●+) ring along the main chain between the two recognition sites.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.052 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.051 Ra could result in the non-monotonic change of the overall heat transfer rate.]]> http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.050 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.047 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.040 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.037 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.036 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.030 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.031 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2022.015 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2021.0028 http://journal.ucas.ac.cn/EN/10.7523/j.ucas.2020.0051