磁场环境下准二维方柱绕流的实验与数值研究*

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2026.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文采用实验测量与数值模拟相结合的方法,在阻塞比β=0.1、方柱纵横比α=2.25的条件下,系统研究了哈特曼数(Ha)与雷诺数(Re)对流场结构及稳定性的影响,其中74≤Ha≤510和500≤Re≤1500。实验采用电磁泵驱动液态金属,通过壁面电势探针技术测量流速,重点考察入口速度和磁场强度对流动特性的影响。数值模拟基于强磁场下准二维模型,分析了不同工况下的流场特征。结果表明,对于临界雷诺数(Re_cr)和斯特劳哈尔数(St)实验与模拟结果吻合很好。在固定磁场条件下,随雷诺数增大,涡脱落频率升高,下游涡结构在对流扩散过程中非定常波动频率保持稳定,主频幅值逐渐衰减;在固定雷诺数条件下,随磁场强度增加,涡脱落频率增大,涡动能显著降低。

关键词: 轴向磁场, 绕流, 电势探针, 涡脱落频率

Abstract: This study combines experimental measurements and numerical simulations to systematically investigate the effects of Hartmann number (Ha) and Reynolds number (Re) on flow field structure and stability under conditions of a blockage ratio of 0.1 and a rectangular cylinder aspect ratio of 2.25, with 74≤Ha≤510 and 500≤Re≤1500. The experiment uses an electromagnetic pump to drive liquid metal and measures flow velocity through wall potential probe technology, focusing on the influence of inlet velocity and magnetic field strength on flow characteristics. The numerical simulation, based on a quasi-two-dimensional model under strong magnetic fields, analyzes the flow field characteristics under different conditions. The results show that the experimental and numerical results exhibit good agreement in the critical Reynolds number (Re_cr) and the Strouhal number (St). Under a fixed magnetic field, the vortex shedding frequency increases with the Reynolds number. During the downstream convection and diffusion process, the frequency of the unsteady fluctuations remains stable, while the amplitude of the dominant frequency gradually decays. Under a fixed Reynolds number, the vortex shedding frequency increases with increasing magnetic field strength, whereas the vortex kinetic energy decreases significantly.

Key words: axial magnetic field, flow around a body, electric potential probe, vortex shedding frequency

中图分类号:

O361.3

马瑞雪, 董思宇, 吕泽, 陈龙. 磁场环境下准二维方柱绕流的实验与数值研究^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2026.021.

MA Ruixue, DONG Siyu, LV Ze, CHEN Long. Experimental and numerical study of quasi-two-dimensional flow around a square cylinder in a magnetic field environment[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2026.021.

参考文献

[1] Molokov S, Moreau R, Moffatt K.Magnetohydrodynamics: Historical Evolution and Trends[M]. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-4833-3.
[2] Smolentsev S, Morley N B, Abdou M A, et al.Dual-coolant lead-lithium (DCLL) blanket status and R&D needs[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2015, 100: 44-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.12.031.
[3] Mistrangelo C, Bühler L, Alberghi C, et al.MHD R&D activities for liquid metal blankets[J]. Energies, 2021, 14(20): 6640. DOI: 10.3390/en14206640.
[4] Hussam W K, Hamid A H A, Ng Z Y, et al. Effect of Vortex promoter shape on heat transfer in MHD duct flow with axial magnetic field[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2018, 134: 453-464. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.06.012.
[5] Cassells O G W, Hussam W K, Sheard G J. Heat transfer enhancement using rectangular Vortex promoters in confined quasi-two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic flows[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 93: 186-199. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.10.006.
[6] Murali S, Hussam W K, Sheard G J.Heat transfer enhancement in quasi-two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic duct flows using repeated flow-facing wedge-shaped protrusions[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2021, 171: 121066. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121066.
[7] Hussam W K, Thompson M C, Sheard G J.Dynamics and heat transfer in a quasi-two-dimensional MHD flow past a circular cylinder in a duct at high Hartmann number[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2011, 54(5/6): 1091-1100. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.11.013.
[8] Bai H L, Alam M M.Dependence of square cylinder wake on Reynolds number[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2018, 30: 015102. DOI: 10.1063/1.4996945.
[9] Yuce M I, Kareem D A.A numerical analysis of fluid flow around circular and square cylinders[J]. Journal AWWA, 2016, 108(10): E546-E554. DOI: 10.5942/jawwa.2016.108.0141.
[10] Mashhadi A, Sohankar A, Alam M M.Flow over rectangular cylinder: Effects of cylinder aspect ratio and Reynolds number[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2021, 195: 106264. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.106264.
[11] Sommeria J, Moreau R.Why, how, and when, MHD turbulence becomes two-dimensional[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1982, 118: 507-518. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112082001177.
[12] Farjallah H, Abbassi H, Turki S.Vortex Shedding of electrically conducting fluid flow behind square cylinder under magnetic field[J]. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2011, 5(3): 349-356. DOI: 10.1080/19942060.2011.11015377.
[13] Farahi S, Hossein N.Investigation of magnetohydrodynamics flow and heat transfer in the presence of a confined square cylinder using SM82 equations[J]. Thermal Science, 2017, 21(2): 889-899. DOI: 10.2298/tsci140313048f.
[14] Chatterjee D, Gupta S K.MHD flow and heat transfer behind a square cylinder in a duct under strong axial magnetic field[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2015, 88: 1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.04.053.
[15] Mück B, Günther C, Müller U, et al.Three-dimensional MHD flows in rectangular ducts with internal obstacles[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2000, 418: 265-295. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112000001300.
[16] Xu H B, Li Y W, Zhang R D, et al.Numerical study of flow around a cold square cylinder at low Reynolds number under a strong transverse magnetic field[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2026, 256: 128123. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128123.
[17] Frank M, Barleon L, Müller U.Visual analysis of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2001, 13(8): 2287-2295. DOI: 10.1063/1.1383785.
[18] Zhang X F, Lyu Z, Yang J C, et al.Study on the liquid metal flow transitions behind a circular cylinder under the axial magnetic field[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2024, 36(7): 074115. DOI: 10.1063/5.0216804.
[19] Wang Z D, Zhang Q L, Kolesnikov Y B, et al.Experimental study on the effect of wall proximity on the flow around a cylinder under an axial magnetic field[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2024, 1000: A23. DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2024.1028.
[20] 张祥飞, 阳倦成, 吕泽, 等. 金属流体速度的阵列探针测量方法研究[J]. 实验力学, 2023, 38(1): 37-46. DOI: 10.7520/1001-4888-22-072.
[21] Müller U, Bühler L.Magnetofluiddynamics in Channels and Containers[M/OL]. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-04405-6.
[22] Chen L, Pothérat A, Ni M J, et al.Direct numerical simulation of quasi-two-dimensional MHD turbulent shear flows[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2021, 915: A130. DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2021.103.
[23] Rhoads J R, Edlund E M, Ji H T.Effects of magnetic field on the turbulent wake of a cylinder in free-surface magnetohydrodynamic channel flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2014, 742: 446-465. DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2014.11.
[24] Zdrakovich M M.Flow around circular cylinders, volume 1: fundamentals[M]. Oxford: Oxford Science Publications, 1997. DOI: 10.1115/1.2819655.
[25] Williamson C K.Vortex dynamics in the cylinder wake[J]. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 1996, 28: 477-539. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.fl.28.010196.002401.

磁场环境下准二维方柱绕流的实验与数值研究^*

Experimental and numerical study of quasi-two-dimensional flow around a square cylinder in a magnetic field environment

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 13

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

访问统计

联系我们

[1]	李扬, 陈龙, 阳倦成, 吕泽. 流向磁场下液态金属射流破碎特性的实验研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2025, 42(4): 433-440.
[2]	李陈铭泽, 倪明玖, 陈龙. 水平磁场下小横纵比Rayleigh-Bénard对流的数值研究^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 0, (): 1-1.
[3]	张启龙, 王婕, 张年梅. 轴向磁场下圆柱-柔性薄梁流固耦合数值研究^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 0, (): 3-3.
[4]	李子龙, 秦军, 陶跃群, 何乃峰, 刘秋生, 朱志强. 剪切流作用下附壁钉扎液滴的蒸发动力学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2025, 42(3): 403-411.
[5]	郭胜荣, 那贤昭, 刘润聪, 李勇, 张香平, 董海峰, 戴晓天, 巩秀芳, 王晓东. 高频行波磁场驱动低电导率液体流动的数值模拟[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2023, 40(1): 21-28.
[6]	董泉润, 阳倦成, 倪明玖. 水平磁场作用下液态金属自由射流破碎特性的实验研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2022, 39(5): 577-585.
[7]	卓琦皓, 潘君华, 倪明玖. 磁场和自由界面热流下二维液态锡膜流的传热模拟[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2021, 38(6): 741-749.
[8]	任东伟, 阳倦成, 倪明玖. 水平磁场作用下金属液滴撞击电解质液池表面的实验研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2021, 38(4): 442-449.
[9]	梁思苑, 倪明玖, 张年梅. U型流道中的MHD流动、传热及插件结构的力学性能[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2019, 36(5): 605-613.
[10]	于星星, 张杰, 倪明玖. 水平磁场中液态金属射流的三维数值研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2019, 36(4): 481-486.
[11]	齐天煜, 阳倦成, 倪明玖. 展向磁场作用下液态金属GaInSn多层膜流实验研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2019, 36(3): 320-325.
[12]	王进进, 张杰, 倪明玖. 均匀磁场中初始静止的液态金属在电流作用下三维运动的数值研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2015, 32(2): 166-171.
[13]	郑博宸, 包兴宇, 张年梅. 磁场作用下振动加热板附近的圆柱绕流增强换热数值研究^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2025, (): 2025034-.